会议名称：2023世界木材日研讨会暨第五届国际林联（IUFRO）林产品文化研究组讨论会
会议时间：2023年3月22日

报告嘉宾：Lennert Lapeere
嘉宾简介：比利时根特大学考古系博士生

摘要：
The late medieval Flemish towns were amongst the most populated of western Europe and had a diverse built environment. Iconographic sources, such as the cityscapes on the Ghent Altarpiece (finished in 1432), show that a substantial part of the townhouses was built using timber-framing techniques. Unlike these iconographic sources, building historical and archaeological data were initially scarce and difficult to interpret. New archaeological research of the last decades combined with building historical analysis made it possible to present a first overview of the transition from earthfast post construction to timber-framed townhouses and the use of wood in townhouses between ca. 1200 and 1500. The study area includes present-day French Flanders (Northern France), the provinces of West and East Flanders (Belgium) and Zeeland (Netherlands).

Building historical analysis of the interior wooden structure of preserved stone townhouses of Bruges and Ghent proves the importance of wood in late medieval structures. The existing wooden house fronts are carefully made and were no cheap alternative of complete stone houses but status symbols on their own. The analysis of excavated medieval houses including earthfast post, timber-framed and stone constructions in Ypres and Aalst shows the use of different materials and building techniques in between urban quarters and its evolution through time. These data compared with other excavated sites in Ninove, Ronse, Sluis and Douai gives an evolution of the appearance, building materials, and layout of urban housing but also about plot layout and orientation to the existing urban infrastructure and regional differences.

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