会议名称：2023世界木材日研讨会暨第五届国际林联（IUFRO）林产品文化研究组讨论会
会议时间：2023年3月22日

报告嘉宾：Menisa A. Antonio
嘉宾简介：菲律宾马里亚诺马科斯国立大学 高级科研专家

摘要：
Allaeanthus luzonicus (himbabao, birch flower) is a non-timber lesser-used tree species native to the Philippines and Sulawesi. It is notable not for its wood but for its inflorescence which is a favorite  indigenous vegetable in Northern Philippines.  The tree is wild-growing and flowers seasonally, hence, the edible inflorescence is available only during the regular flowering season in the months of January to March. To ensure a sustainable inflorescence supply for household consumption, an innovation leveraging on the phenological calendar of the growth and development of the tree was explored. The species’ growth and development stages were first documented, and their phenology was compared under four climate types in three Provinces in Norther Philippines where the indigenous vegetable is most utilized. Climate, weather factors i.e. temperature and daylength, and biological factors i.e. tree age and variety, seemed to affect the occurrence and duration of the different phenophases.  Several off-season varieties of A. luzonicus which flower outside the regular flowering period of January to March were also discovered. 

The documented phenocalendar-based production under the four climate types in three provinces ensures year-round supply of this vegetable. In January to March, supply comes from the Province of Ilocos Norte (Type I climate), northwestern Cagayan (Type II climate), and northern Apayao (Type II & IV).  In April to June, supply will come from the rest of the towns in the Province of Cagayan which have Type III climate.  In July to December (excluding August), supply will be sourced from identified off-season varieties which are either early flowering, double flowering and late flowering.  In August, the vegetable requirement can be met by using frozen, freeze-dried or ready-to-cook formulations of the inflorescence. This phenocalendar-based crop production system is simple and economical, not requiring cultural interventions or chemical inputs.  Mass propagation of the off-season varieties and additional planting are now promoted to accelerate the expansion of the market niche for this indigenous vegetable species.

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